The Pathogenesis and Clinical Manifestations of Malignant Hyperthermia

Malignant hyperthermia is one of the usual diseases of the body temperature, medical workers recommend use medical temperature probe to measuring the patient’s temperature.

The causes of it including the following:

1. Autosomal dominant hereditary disease

2. 50% chance of passing on the pathogenic gene to posterity

3. RyR1 (calcium release channel) gene mutation

4. Contact triggers

5. The trigger factors are often associated with anesthesia, mainly in the inhalation of anesthetics and Succinylcholine

6. Non-narcotic factors are rare, with major movement, muscle trauma, infection, and even mental stress

When malignant hyperthermia reaction occurs, the calcium ion Tran’s mutated I-type ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is released rapidly from skeletal muscle mass network.

An increase in the concentration of calcium ions in the muscle causes the masseter muscle and other muscles to contract violently, increase muscle metabolism, produce a lot of heat and lactic acid, and the rhabdomyolysis, causing a series of serious symptoms.

Clinical manifestations of Malignant Hyperthermia

Pathogenesis and corresponding manifestations

The calcium ion of sarcoplasm increases: masseter muscle spasm, the whole body muscle spasm, heat production, and rhabdomyolysis

High metabolism: tachycardia, metabolic acidosis, ATP deficiency, hypercapnia

Rhabdomyolysis: CPK, serum potassium increases, myoglobinuria, and kidney failure